WASHINGTON (AFP): A US government advisory panel on Friday denounced ally France’s ban on schoolgirls wearing abayas, saying the restriction on the long, flowing dresses was meant to “intimidate” the Muslim minority.
The US Commission on International Religious Freedom is tasked with making recommendations to the US government but does not set policy itself.
The commission’s chair, Abraham Cooper, called the abaya ban a “misguided effort to promote the French value of laicite,” the country’s official secularism. “France continues to wield a specific interpretation of secularism to target and intimidate religious groups, particularly Muslims,” Cooper said in a statement.
“While no government should use its authority to impose a specific religion on its population, it is equally condemnable to restrict the peaceful practice of individuals’ religious beliefs to promote secularism.”
French Education Minister Gabriel Attal announced last month that schools would no longer allow girls to wear abayas, the flowing dresses of Middle Eastern origin.
In 2004, France banned school children from wearing “signs or outfits by which students ostensibly show a religious affiliation” and outlawed headscarves, turbans, large crosses or kippas.
But abayas had fallen into a gray area with some women saying that they wear them due to their cultural identity rather than religious belief.
Conservative French politicians have sought to widen restrictions. Far-right leader Marine Le Pen, who came in second to President Emmanuel Macron in last year’s presidential election, has campaigned for the banning of wearing veils in the street.
The ban on the abaya was denounced in France by some Muslim leaders and by hard-left political leader Jean-Luc Melenchon, who called it a move to fan divisions.
The US Commission on International Religious Freedom is made up of appointees of both major political parties but some of its recommendations have been repeatedly ignored by the State Department, including its calls to condemn India.
The United States also has a constitutional separation of church and state but interprets secularism differently, with the government imposing minimal restrictions related to religion.
Father held for making death threats
French police said they were holding a man on Friday for threatening a school principal who turned away his daughter for wearing a traditional Muslim abaya robe.
President Emmanuel Macron’s government announced last month it was banning the abaya — a garment worn by Muslim women that covers the body from the neck to the feet — in schools, as it broke the rules on secularism in education.
The man, arrested Thursday, was being prosecuted for “issuing threats designed to intimidate a person charged with an official mission”, the local prosecutor Dominique Puechmaille told AFP.
The man’s daughter was stopped at the entrance of her high school on Thursday and asked to remove her abaya. When she refused, she was stopped from entering, police said.
Her father then telephoned the school and spoke first to a guard and then to an educational advisor. He is accused of having issued death threats targeting the school principal in both conversations.
French Education Minister Gabriel Attal called the threats “intolerable and unspeakable”.
The principal was now under police protection, he said.
The president of the Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes region, Laurent Wauquiez, added that the school staff had received threats “of death and decapitation”.
The authorities had to show “firmness and determination” in the face of such threats.
– Court rejected challenge –
The ban was quickly challenged before France’s State Council, the highest administrative court, by an association arguing it could incite hatred against Muslims and racial profiling.
On Thursday however, the court threw out the complaint.
Wearing the abaya “follows the logic of religious affirmation”, said the ruling, adding that the decision was based on French law, which does not allow anyone wearing visible signs of any religious affiliation in schools.
The government ban did not, it said, cause “serious or obviously illegal harm to the respect for personal lives, freedom of religion, the right to education, the well-being of children or the principle of non-discrimination”.
A US government advisory panel on Friday condemned France’s ban, saying the restriction was meant to “intimidate” the country’s Muslim minority.
The US Commission on International Religious Freedom is tasked with making recommendations to the US government but does not set policy itself.
The commission’s chair, Abraham Cooper, called the abaya ban a “misguided effort to promote the French value of laicite,” the country’s official secularism.
“France continues to wield a specific interpretation of secularism to target and intimidate religious groups, particularly Muslims,” Cooper said.
“While no government should use its authority to impose a specific religion on its population, it is equally condemnable to restrict the peaceful practice of individuals’ religious beliefs to promote secularism.”
On the first day of the school year on Monday, French schools sent dozens of girls home for refusing to remove their abayas.
Nearly 300 schoolgirls defied the ban on that day, Attal said. Most agreed to change garments but 67 refused and were sent home, he said.
Around 10 percent of France’s 67 million inhabitants are Muslim, according to official estimates.
Most have origins in northern African nations Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia, which were French colonies until the second half of the 20th century.
